What is text classification?

Text classification, also known as text categorization or text tagging, is the process of assigning predefined categories or labels to text documents. It's a fundamental task in natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning. Common uses include sentiment analysis (determining the emotional tone of text), topic detection (identifying the main subject of a document), spam filtering (classifying emails as spam or not spam), and intent recognition (understanding the user's purpose in a piece of text).