What is FSM?

FSM stands for Finite State Machine (or Finite State Automaton). It is a mathematical model of computation used to design computer programs and sequential logic circuits. An FSM is an abstract machine that can be in exactly one of a finite number of states at any given time. The FSM can change from one state to another in response to some inputs; the change from one state to another is called a transition. An FSM is defined by a list of its states, its initial state, and the inputs that trigger each transition. FSMs are used in a wide range of applications, including compilers, network protocols, and game development.