What is authentication and authorization?

Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user, device, or system. It ensures that the entity is who or what it claims to be, often by using credentials like usernames and passwords, multi-factor authentication, or biometric data. Authorization, on the other hand, determines what an authenticated entity is allowed to access or do. It defines the permissions and privileges granted to a user or system, restricting access to certain resources or functionalities based on their role or identity. Together, authentication and authorization are critical for securing systems and data by ensuring that only authorized users can access specific resources and perform particular actions.