What is SAML 2?

SAML 2.0 (Security Assertion Markup Language 2.0) is an open standard for exchanging authentication and authorization data between security domains. It is commonly used for Single Sign-On (SSO) solutions, allowing users to access multiple web applications with a single set of credentials. SAML 2.0 enables secure communication between an Identity Provider (IdP), which authenticates the user, and a Service Provider (SP), which provides the service the user wants to access. The IdP asserts the user's identity and attributes to the SP, enabling the SP to grant access to its resources without requiring the user to log in again.