What is pipelining?

Pipelining is a technique used in computer architecture to improve instruction throughput. It allows multiple instructions to overlap in execution. The instruction pipeline is divided into stages, such as instruction fetch, decode, execute, and write back. While one instruction is being executed, the next instruction can be decoded, and so on. This overlapping significantly increases the number of instructions that can be completed per unit of time. Pipelining is commonly used in CPUs to enhance performance.