Multiprotocol BGP (MP-BGP) is an extension to the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) that allows it to carry routing information for multiple network layer protocols (address families), such as IPv6, VPNs, and multicast, beyond the original IPv4 unicast routes. It achieves this through the use of address family identifiers (AFIs) and subsequent address family identifiers (SAFIs) to specify the type of network layer reachability information (NLRI) being carried. MP-BGP is commonly used for VPN routing in MPLS networks (BGP/MPLS VPNs) and for IPv6 routing, enabling BGP to handle diverse routing needs.
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