What is molecular biology techniques?

Molecular biology techniques encompass a wide range of methods used to study the structure, function, and interactions of biological molecules, particularly DNA, RNA, and proteins. Common techniques include polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for DNA amplification, gel electrophoresis for separating molecules by size and charge, DNA sequencing to determine the nucleotide sequence of DNA, cloning to produce multiple copies of a DNA fragment, and cell culture to grow cells in a controlled environment. These techniques are widely used in various fields, including medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology, for purposes such as disease diagnosis, drug development, genetic engineering, and basic research.