What is MCTS?

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a heuristic search algorithm used for decision-making, especially in games. It works by repeatedly simulating random playouts from a given state, building a search tree based on the results of these simulations. The tree is then used to guide future exploration, balancing exploration (trying new moves) and exploitation (choosing moves that have been successful in the past). It's commonly used in games like Go, chess, and shogi, as well as in other applications like planning and optimization problems.