What is L2/L3 VPNs?

L2/L3 VPNs are technologies used to create secure, private networks over a shared infrastructure, typically the internet. Layer 2 VPNs (like Ethernet VPN - EVPN) operate at the data link layer, extending Ethernet networks across geographically dispersed locations, allowing devices to communicate as if they were on the same local network. Layer 3 VPNs (like IP VPNs) operate at the network layer, routing traffic between sites based on IP addresses and routing tables, providing a more scalable and flexible solution for connecting multiple sites. These VPNs are commonly used by businesses to securely connect branch offices, remote employees, or data centers, enabling private communication and resource sharing while leveraging public network infrastructure.