What is JTAG debugger?

JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) debuggers are hardware debugging tools that utilize the JTAG interface, also known as IEEE 1149.1 standard, to access and control the internal workings of a target device, typically a microcontroller, FPGA, or other embedded system. They are commonly used for tasks like flashing firmware, setting breakpoints, inspecting memory, and stepping through code during debugging.