Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) is a Cisco proprietary protocol that provides automatic router backup for IP hosts configured with a single default gateway on a LAN. GLBP allows multiple routers to share the workload of forwarding packets on behalf of those hosts, thereby providing load balancing in addition to redundancy. It does this by creating a virtual MAC address and assigning it to multiple routers. One router acts as the Active Virtual Gateway (AVG), and the others act as Backup Virtual Gateways (BVGs). The AVG assigns a virtual MAC address to each member of the GLBP group. These virtual MAC addresses are then used by the hosts as their default gateway.
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