What is finite element methods?

The finite element method (FEM) is a numerical technique used for solving problems of engineering and mathematical physics. It's particularly effective for problems where the geometry is complex or the solutions lack analytical formulas. FEM works by dividing a structure or domain into smaller, simpler parts called finite elements. These elements are interconnected at points called nodes. Equations are then solved for each element, and the solutions are combined to approximate the behavior of the entire system. It is commonly used for structural analysis, heat transfer, fluid flow, and electromagnetics.