What is encryption techniques?

Encryption techniques are methods of transforming data into an unreadable format, known as ciphertext, to protect its confidentiality. This prevents unauthorized access and ensures that only parties with the correct decryption key can restore the data to its original, readable form (plaintext). Encryption is widely used for securing data at rest (e.g., on hard drives), in transit (e.g., over the internet), and in use (e.g., homomorphic encryption). Common encryption algorithms include AES, RSA, and ECC. Encryption underpins many security protocols, such as HTTPS and VPNs, and is critical for protecting sensitive information like passwords, financial data, and personal communications.